These essays are from your point of view. Use correct spelling and grammar. Essays must be typed and DOUBLE SPACED.
Please respond to the following statements. Use information you have learned during this course to support your statement.
Known in the Philippines as Typhoon Ompong, was an extremely powerful tropical cyclone that brought widespread damages to Guam, the Philippines, and South China in mid September, 2018.
Focus on Philippines
Assignment 3: Research Presentation Objective: Develop an audio-narrated PowerPoint presentation based on the research you have conducted about your chosen weather event. Assignment Instructions: Using the course project steps completed to date, you will develop your presentation based on the work you submitted for Assignments 1 and 2 as well as the feedback you were given. To prepare for this assignment, I recommend that you do the following:
Presentation requirements:
The required elements: Your presentation should contain the following elements in the order listed below. In addition, I expect that any feedback provided to you from Assignment 1: Annotated Bibliography and Assignment 2: The Outline be incorporated into this assignment. Please go back and review those comments.
Week 5 – Assignment: Interpret Research on Decomposition Analysis
Research the decomposition analysis of performance ratio and then be able to apply the ratios. You will need to respond to and explain the following:
Support your paper with a minimum of five (5) external resources In addition to these specified resources, other appropriate scholarly resources, including older articles, may be included.
Length: 5-7 pages not including title and reference pages
Your paper should demonstrate thoughtful consideration of the ideas and concepts presented in the course and provide new thoughts and insights relating directly to this topic. Your response should reflect scholarly writing and current APA standards.
Decomposition Analysis
This week in the course studies the decomposition analysis. This analysis is aimed at understanding the drivers to some of the more important performance ratios, i.e. the return on investment (ROI) and the return on equity (ROE). The analysis offers insight to the value and risk associated with financial leverage. The analysis is also directly connected to the common-size income statement through the profit margin.
Review the resources listed in the Books and Resources area below to prepare for this week’s assignments.
Locate a recent article that addresses the unemployment rate of your selected country. locate a current article (published within the last week) from Wall Street Journal or the New York Times Analyze your selected country’s unemployment rate and how the key economic indicators align with the current phase of the business cycle. Include the following in your discussion. Identify how unemployment is calculated. Describe the different types of unemployment and state which type of unemployment you believe impacts your chosen country the greatest. State your selected country’s unemployment rate. Discuss the four phases of the business cycle. Align the current phase of the business cycle with your selected country.
Sports have likely been around as long as there have been people. Every society has its favorite pastimes, and today with ever-advancing technologies, there is the ability to design high-tech equipment and utilize a host of specialists to help athletes perform better. It is such an important part of society that there are now fields dedicated to the study of sports medicine and fitness. No matter what sport or type of recreation you enjoy, the principles of science are involved.
Take a look at how science helps in different sports from football, to swimming, to NASCAR™.
You are encouraged to conduct additional research to learn more about a sport or other recreational activity that you enjoy.
During the unit address the following questions:
Answer the question.
what four activities of caring for our health should complement the use of herbs?
Respond to…
“Also, managers in multinational forces find that they must adapt to multicultural diversity, including differences in language, religion, social mores, and methods of conducting business.” (Warrick, 2016, 9.1). I do believe that the statement is true because globals due have to have more knowledge on being a servant, authethic, and ethical. Due to the diverse people that they are working with, they have to be able to keep an open mind on many things. A great example is the metric system that America uses, while other Countries utilize a completely different metric system. America does things in pounds and other countries will do it in Kilograms. Ensuring that the leader is able to understand exactly what the diverse employee is coming from and being able to communicate and learn their point of view and the way that the employee thinks is extremely important to be able to lead the organization. At the same time, the more diverse the team the more opportunities it is to grow the business because customers will be able to relate with the employee and have a more personal opportunity then somebody who is not from their culture or ethnicity. My personal experience, when I go in to buy anything I look for anybody that might be from my ethnicity before I make a purchase just because they understand me as a customer and they have the same mindset as me. Sometimes it can be tough for me to be able to understand some due to the fact that we were raised completely different and we have different point of views because of this. I have even assisted customers that have said I only worked with you due to the fact that you are from my ethnicity. Most customers prefer to work with employees that are from their ethnicity
Warrick, D.D. (2016). Leadership: A high impact approach [Electronic version]. Retrieved from https://content.ashford.edu/
Respond to…
The statement “Servant, authentic and ethical leadership are models which have been successful not only in different types of organizations, but also in different cultures and in different countries”, is valid due to the rate that globalization is occurring and the success many businesses and communities around the world are seeing that they wouldn’t be experiencing without it. There is no one size fits all with regard to leadership because people’s personalities, cultures, and values vary widely between individual from country to country. According to Hourston, “Goleman’s EQ research findings in a nutshell: the most successful leaders can consciously draw on and seamlessly integrate all leadership styles, dependent on the situation. One size definitely does not fit all.” (Hourston, 2013, para. 14). Leadership theories help leaders understand different leadership approaches and employee motivation processes. While they don’t give leaders the exact formula to use to make leadership styles to an organization, these theories provide tools that a leader can draw from to use as appropriate. Understanding globalization helps leaders enter the situation with an open mind and a sensitivity towards diversity. I have seen the effects of globalization within my organization over the past decade. My firm does business in the US and offshore. Initial phases of standing our offshore resources up were bumpy as we approached the offshore team with expectations that they were an extension of the stateside group. Leaders learned very quickly that partners from different countries had different values and different cultural ways of communication. As a result, we had to restructure the hierarchy used to interface between the various groups and the leaders with a high EQ and diverse sensitivity becoming the facilitators of communication between the sites. These leaders were better equipped to handle cultural differences and standards because of their EQ and the way to looked to make collaboration easier through inclusion. They made the efforts successful and many of their best practices were later incorporated into future training and development resources.
Thanks,
Ray Elias
Reference:
Hourston, R. (2013, April 24). 7 steps to a truly effective leadership style (Links to an external site.). Forbes. Retrieved from
http://www.forbes.com/sites/womensmedia/2013/04/24/7-steps-to-a-truly-effective-leadership-style/.
With the increasing use of digital payments and the decreasing use of cash payments, enhanced digital security and tracking of financial transactions have become significant aspects of many businesses. The executive director of operations of Centervale Apparel has asked you to research this issue and prepare a presentation for the executive committee to educate them on these issues. You remember hearing that the National Automated Clearing House Association (NACHA) is a leader in this field and would be a good place to start your research.
Review the following:
Using the Argosy University online library resources as well as NACHA s Web site article to complete the following:
Develop a 3 5-slide presentation in PowerPoint format. Add speaker notes. Apply APA standards to citation of sources.
Respond to…
Companies often try to keep accounting earnings growing at a relatively steady pace in an effort to avoid large swings in earnings from period to period. They also try to manage earnings targets. Reflect on these practices and discuss the following in your discussion post.
Are these practices ethical?
According to Ortega & Grant (2003), “earnings management occurs when managers use judgment in financial reporting and in structuring transactions to alter financial reports to either mislead some stakeholders about the underlying economic performance of the company to influence contractual outcomes” (p. 51). Because these practices are used to alter the financials of a firm from actuality, then, no, these practices are not ethical, however there are common practice and, in some circumstances, acceptable.
What are two tactics that a financial manager can use to manage earnings?
Financial managers at times will use certain tactics to manage earnings. Two tactics that financial managers use to manage earnings are the Big Bath technique and the cookie jar reserve. The big-bath technique consists of taking a one-time, large write-offs or restructuring charges against income in order to reduce assets to further lower future expenses (Hope & Wang, 2018). The use of the big bath method can affect a firms’ competitiveness as it is essentially reporting a loss, which can have negative results on stock prices. The other method is the cookie jar reserve occurs when a company saves money from successful years and draws from that money and applies it to bad years in order to bolster earnings reports (CPA Journal, 1999). The method is used as way to smooth income and appear financially better when in actuality the company is having a bad year.
What are the implications for cash flow and shareholder wealth?
Ultimately, financial manager’s job is to maximize profit, because of this conflict of interest may occur. According to Chalak & Mohammadnezhad (2012), “with respect to increase shareholder wealth, free cash flows are of importance because allow managers to seek growth opportunities which increase share value” (p. 430). Therefore, the use of the techniques in the regards to implications for cash flow and shareholder wealth can be detrimental due to unreliable and inaccurate information, which occurs from managers intentionally influencing actual financials.
Using the financial balance sheet as displayed in the text, provide an example of how purchasing an asset or issuing stocks or bonds could potentially impact earnings targets.
When purchasing an asset or issuing stocks earnings targets are impacted due the changes in cash flow. For instance, when purchasing assets, the cash accounts will decrease the purchase amount, while issuing stocks or bonds increases by the amount received for the purchased stocks. These actions can a company to miss or exceed its earnings targets by the amounts of cash flow coming in or going out.
References:
Chalak, S.L., & Mohammadnezhad, S. (2012). Investigation of the Relationship Between Earnings Management and Free Cash Flows in Firms with High Free Cash Flows and Low Growth Listed in Tehran Securities Exchange. World Applied Sciences Journal, 20(3), 429-437. Doi:10.5829/idosi.wasj.2012.20.03.2372
Hope, O.-K., & Wang, J. (2018). Management deception, big-bath accounting, and information asymmetry: Evidence from linguistic analysis. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 70, 33–51. https://doi-org.proxy-library.ashford.edu/10.1016/j.aos.2018.02.004
Ortega, W. R., & Grant, G. H. (2003). Maynard manufacturing: An analysis of GAAP-based and operational earnings management techniques. Strategic Finance, 85(1), 50. Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.proxy-library.ashford.edu/docview/229862181?accountid=32521
Signs of Backlash Against SEC’s Attack on Cookie Jar Reserves and Income Smoothing. (1999). CPA Journal, 69(8), 10. Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com.proxy-library.ashford.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bsh&AN=2190694&site=eds-live&scope=site
Respond to…
The process of managing or manipulating corporate profits to achieve consistency over a quarter is referred to as earnings smoothing (Eckles, Halek, Enya, Sommer, & Zhang, 2011). Corporate stock valuations are dependent upon a company’s future earnings interest. Many recent research, among them the Eckles et.al. The research has started to directly link quarterly earnings smoothing operations to executive compensation. Heavily compensated managers based on stock value are often found to be heavy manipulators of quarterly earnings results (Eckles et al., 2011).
If quarterly smoothing operations are ethical or not involves a distinction in the justification for the smoothing. As we addressed in the Week 1 forum, there are normal cycles in which businesses receive excess returns in one period, which can or should be allocated or invested in future periods for the assets needed. I’ve banked several customers who would take over profits in one quarter and buy critical inventory that they’d store for future quarters. In effect they would spend cash in preparation for quarters that showed lower cash flow levels to increase the inventory levels. Instead, during quarters where work in progress and completed employment resulted in receivable accounts rather than cash the businesses would draw from the keep inventory created during more cash-rich periods. Yes, they smoothed the company’s service.
Nevertheless, other administrators use strategies such as manipulating tax-reported liabilities, estimating contingency balances and legal cost estimates to smooth quarterly results by understating the actual operating costs. The Reuters News Service dealt with new claims that Bank of America intentionally underestimated and therefore reserved the ongoing legal costs of its mortgage banking activity. The consequence of the underestimate was a sequence of quarters where the operating expenses were under-reported and thus the reported earnings per share were not accurate. The organization now faces higher compliance expenses and the net per-share profits are being impacted.
In my view, when executives use accounting gimmicks and off-balance sheet operations to help earnings for a quarter they have switched from controlling earnings to manipulating earnings and this is an ethical violation. There is also an ethical issue with companies that decide to throw in a single quarter all potential or previously hidden bad news.
A kitchen sink quarter is called the technique of dumping loads of bad news or cost overruns into a single quarter (Rosenbush, 2017). Within this concept, any and all costs should be picked up by a corporation and put into a single quarter. The idea is to pre-load costs into a bad quarter, already. In doing so, the theory is that future quarters will show better than average return rates, as several of the costs were pre-recorded during the quarter of the kitchen sink. It I found often during my career in mergers and acquisitions. The acquiring company will charge off all future expected layoffs, plant closures and synergies upon acquisition of a product. With these costs rolled into a single quarter of the deal, the company was free to charge actual expenses against already reported expense reserves. This has made the cost efficiencies of the merger emerge sooner in the process than would usually have occurred.
The corporate balance sheet reflects the investors’ contribution and distribution of capital by business management (Byrd, Hickman, & McPherson 2013). If the creditors are compensated by financial gains through dividend payments or equity growth value in the stock. Organizations planning to overestimate a quarter’s earnings can either choose to invest in assets or fail to recognize ongoing operating costs. For example, a firm may use factories or machinery to generate revenue but may not realize the loss or use extended periods of depreciation. This activity results in short-term profits that are higher than expected, which leaves the company and the investors vulnerable to future costs of replacement.
Read the following article from Unit II’s Required Reading (located in the Unit II Study Guide):
Lytle, T. (2015). Confronting conflict. HR Magazine, 60(6), 26-31. Retrieved from https://libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=103708484&site=ehost-live&scope=site
After reading the article, analyze the scenarios provided below, and choose one to discuss in your case study paper. In your case study, be sure to address the following items:
As a result of a merger, the organization decided to decentralize its human resource management (HRM) functions and create area human resource (HR) generalists across the United States. One of their responsibilities is to handle all employee relations issues. You report directly to the senior vice president of HRM in the corporate headquarters in New York, and there is a dotted line reporting relationship to the vice president of field operations in your area, which is located in the Midwest. You just arrived at your new location for this position about six days ago.
Armed with the information you have learned in Units I and II and aided by your own experience and ability to research, please read the scenarios below, and select one for this assignment. Please answer the questions, and follow the guidelines presented.
Scenario #1:
It is Sunday evening, and you receive a phone call from an employee, Ellen, who lives several states away. However, she lives and works in your area of responsibility. Ellen is emotional and states that she can no longer tolerate her young coworker being sexually abused by the manager in their three-person office. She gives you the coworker’s name and phone number, and she tells you that the young woman wants you to call her later that evening when her husband will be asleep. As requested, you call the coworker, Tammy, and she states that she is afraid of losing her job. Tammy is emotionally upset and says that she fears that if her husband knows about what the manager is doing, he will confront him at the office, and there may be violence. Tammy informs you that the manager has a violent temperament and is prone to explosive outbursts.
Based on your knowledge of employment law, conflict management, and investigation procedures, what would be the best way to handle this situation? For example, what laws are involved? Where do you start? Who do you notify? When do you start? What do you tell the coworker (Ellen) and the employee (Tammy) who made the complaint?
In this situation, you are the employee relations representative for the organization. What is your role in the investigative process? Describe the steps you will take to investigate this employee complaint.
Scenario #2:
While conducting HR audits in the offices throughout your area, the newly promoted area director catches up with you to see how his offices are doing, and he invites you to lunch. While at lunch, he confides in you that he feels very uncomfortable with a certain highly regarded branch manager because she is always touching him inappropriately, and she does this in private as well as in front of her staff and vendors. He has politely asked her in private to stop this flirtatious behavior, explaining that it was unprofessional and that it makes him uncomfortable. Her response was to laugh it off, and she told him he was just too uptight.
She is a top performer, and he does not want to lose her or fire her; however, he asks you to talk with her to reinforce his request to stop the behavior.
What is your response to the area director? Based on your knowledge of employment law, conflict management, and investigation procedures, what would be the best way to handle this situation? For example, what laws are involved? Where do you start?
In this situation, you are the employee relations representative for the organization. What is your role in the investigative process? Describe the steps you will take to investigate this employee complaint, and explain how you will resolve the conflict.
Scenario #3:
Your senior vice president (SVP) of HRM has received a complaint from two branch managers in your geographic area. They are separate but similar complaints concerning Robert, the SVP of Area Operations. Both managers say Robert touches them and other women in the office inappropriately by rubbing their shoulders; the managers also report that Robert makes remarks about their alluring attire and comments that he is in love with them for the great job they are doing. Knowing you are housed in the same area office with this SVP, your boss asks you if you can objectively investigate this complaint. You talk it over with your boss and know he will support your efforts, and you agree to do the investigation.
Almost as soon as you give your answer to your boss, you receive a phone call from the area SVP’s wife, who somehow already knows you will be interviewing her husband for a harassment complaint. She is irate and states that the charges are ridiculous. She becomes belligerent and begins to degrade the female managers.
Based on your knowledge of employment law, conflict management, and investigation procedures, what would be the best way to handle this situation? For example, what laws are involved? Where do you start? Who do you notify? When do you start? What do you tell the area SVP’s wife?
In this situation, you are the employee relations representative for the organization. What is your role in the investigative process? Describe the steps you take to investigate this employee complaint.
In your response to the scenario you have chosen, follow the guidelines below:
All sources used must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations in APA format.