1 let s consider a network that consists of 300 computers let s assume the 300 compu 5346691

1. Let’s consider a network that consists of 300 computers. Let’s assume the 300 computers all want to use public key cryptosystems to avoid the key management problems associated with symmetric key cryptosystems. For simplicity, each computer (or host) has a single private key.

1.

1.1: Let’s assume Alice’s desktop is part of the network. Within the whole network, how many computers have the same public key as Alice’s desktop? Why? (6 points)

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2.

1.2: Let’s assume Bob’s desktop is also part of the network. When Alice’s desktop sends a message to Bob’s desktop using public key encryption, if Alice’s desktop uses Bob’s public key to encrypt the message, say true or false to the following statement and explain WHY: “Because Bob’s public key is known to everybody in this network, everybody in this network can decrypt this message.” (6 points)

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3.

1.3: Say True or False to the following statement and explain why: “Since public keys will be used to do encryption and since encryption keys are secret, all desktops in the network should hide their public keys.” (5 points)

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4.

1.4: Let’s assume Alice’s desktop uses RSA to generate its public key and private key pair. In this key generation process, a number PHI will be produced. Is PHI part of the desktop’s public key or private key? In addition, another number E will also be used. Is E part of the desktop’s public key or private key? (5 points)

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5.

1.5: Let’s assume Alice’s desktop uses RSA to generate its public key and private key pair. In this key generation process, the number N will be determined by two other numbers P and Q, that is, N is in fact the production of P and Q. Say True or False to the following statement: “Since N is part of the public key generated, P and Q should also be part of the public key, because if N is made public one can infer the value of P from N.” (6 points)

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1.6: Although the key management problems associated with symmetric key cryptosystems (in which encryption and decryption use the same secret key) will disappear when public key cryptosystems are used, public key encryption is greatly slower than symmetric key encryption. For example, the encryption speed of DES is 100 times faster than that of of RSA. Accordingly, when Alice sends a 3,000,000 byte message to Bob:

6.

1.6.1: If the encryption speed of DES is 1,000,000 bytes per second, what is the encryption speed of RSA? (5 points)

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7.

1.6.2: If Alice uses RSA to encrypt this message, how much time will be consumed? (5 points)

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8.

1.6.3: To avoid slowing down the secure communication, Alice likes the speed of DES, but she hates the key management problems associated with DES. To solve this key management problem, Alice firstly uses her private key to scramble the DES encryption key; then she emailed the scrambled DES key to Bob. Then Bob can use Alice’s public key, which he knows, to descramble the received key; then Bob can get the original DES key; then Alice and Bob can enjoy using this DES key to do very fast encryption and decryption. This idea sounds beautiful, but it has a security flaw. What is it? Please justify your answer. (8 points)

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9.

1.6.4: Please propose a method to fix the flaw you identified in Question 1.5.3. (9 points)

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10.

2. Please give two fundamental differences between symmetric key cryptosystems and public key cryptosystems. (5 points)

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